Flat feet, or fallen arches, is a common condition that affects the structure of the foot, leading to a collapse or absence of the foot’s natural arch. While many people with flat feet experience no symptoms, others may develop complications, such as posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD). This blog will provide an in-depth look at these conditions, their connection, symptoms, and treatment options.
What Are Flat Feet?
Flat feet occur when the arches of the feet fail to develop properly during childhood or collapse due to injury, age, or wear and tear. This can lead to uneven weight distribution, impacting the overall alignment and function of the feet, ankles, and legs.
What Is Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction (PTTD)?
The posterior tibial tendon plays a critical role in supporting the arch of the foot and stabilizing the ankle. PTTD occurs when this tendon becomes inflamed, stretched, or torn. This condition often leads to progressive flatfoot deformity if left untreated.
How Are Flat Feet and PTTD Connected?
While not all individuals with flat feet develop PTTD, flat feet can increase the strain on the posterior tibial tendon, especially in individuals with a predisposition to tendon issues. Over time, the added stress can weaken the tendon, causing pain, swelling, and further arch collapse.
Symptoms of Flat Feet with PTTD
- Pain and Swelling: Typically along the inside of the ankle and foot.
- Flatfoot Deformity: A visible flattening of the arch.
- Difficulty Walking or Standing: Especially for extended periods.
- Loss of Foot Flexibility: The foot may feel rigid or stiff over time.
- Heel Misalignment: The heel may tilt outward.
Causes and Risk Factors
- Genetics: Inherited structural foot abnormalities.
- Injury: Trauma or overuse of the posterior tibial tendon.
- Age: Natural wear and tear as the tendon weakens over time.
- Obesity: Increased pressure on the feet.
- Medical Conditions: Rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, or high blood pressure.
Diagnosis
To diagnose flat feet with PTTD, your podiatrist may:
- Conduct a physical examination.
- Analyze your gait and foot alignment.
- Order imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or ultrasound to assess the tendon and foot structure.
Treatment Options
Non-Surgical Treatments
- Orthotics: Custom insoles to support the arch and reduce stress on the tendon.
- Physical Therapy: Strengthening and stretching exercises to improve foot stability.
- Bracing: Ankle braces to immobilize and support the affected area.
- Medication: Anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce pain and swelling.
- Lifestyle Modifications: Weight loss and proper footwear.
Surgical Treatments
If non-surgical methods fail to provide relief, surgical intervention may be necessary. Procedures can include tendon repair, tendon transfer, or osteotomy to realign the foot structure.
Preventing Flat Feet and PTTD
- Wear Supportive Footwear: Choose shoes with proper arch support.
- Maintain a Healthy Weight: Reduce strain on the feet.
- Exercise Regularly: Strengthen foot and ankle muscles.
- Avoid Overuse: Rest your feet after prolonged activity.
Q&A Section
Q: Can flat feet develop later in life?
A: Yes, adult-acquired flatfoot can occur due to injury, aging, or conditions like PTTD.
Q: Is posterior tibial tendon dysfunction reversible?
A: Early stages can often be managed and reversed with conservative treatments. Advanced stages may require surgical intervention.
Q: How do I know if my flat feet are causing problems?
A: Signs include persistent foot or ankle pain, swelling, difficulty walking, or visible changes in foot shape.
Q: Can children’s flat feet be corrected?
A: Many children outgrow flat feet as their arches develop. If the condition persists or causes symptoms, medical evaluation is recommended.
Q: Are custom orthotics necessary for flat feet?
A: Custom orthotics provide tailored support and can significantly relieve symptoms for individuals with symptomatic flat feet or PTTD.
Contact North Shore Foot & Ankle
If you’re experiencing symptoms of flat feet or posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, our expert podiatrists at North Shore Foot & Ankle are here to help. With multiple locations for your convenience, we provide comprehensive care tailored to your needs.
- Lynbrook: (516) 599-0302
- Syosset: (516) 496-7676
- Rosedale: (718) 949-4844
- Flushing: (718) 591-3320
- Plainview: (516) 942-0620
Don’t let foot pain hold you back—schedule your consultation today and take the first step towards healthier feet!